Nā maʻi neurodegenerativeʻIke ʻia nā NDD e ka nalowale holomua a mau paha o nā heluna neuronal palupalu i loko o ka lolo a i ʻole ke kaula spinal. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā NDD ma nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka hoʻolaha anatomical o ka neurodegeneration (e like me nā maʻi extrapyramidal, frontotemporal degeneration, a i ʻole spinocerebellar ataxias), nā ʻano molekala mua (e like me amyloid-β, prions, tau, a i ʻole α-synuclein), a i ʻole nā hiʻohiʻona lapaʻau nui (e like me ka maʻi Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a me ka dementia). ʻOiai kēia mau ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hōʻailona, nā maʻi e like me ka Parkinson's Disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a me Alzheimer's Disease (AD) e kaʻana like i nā kaʻina hana maʻamau e alakaʻi ana i ka hana ʻole o ka neuronal a me ka make ʻana o nā cell.
Me nā miliona o ka honua holoʻokoʻa i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā NDD, ua manaʻo ka World Health Organization e hiki i ka makahiki 2040, e lilo kēia mau maʻi i kumu lua o ka make ma nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia. ʻOiai aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole e loaʻa ai e hōʻoluʻolu a hoʻokele i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā maʻi kikoʻī, ʻo nā ʻano hana kūpono e hoʻolohi a hoʻōla paha i ka holomua o kēia mau kūlana e mau ana. Hōʻike nā haʻawina hou i kahi hoʻololi i nā paradigms lapaʻau mai ka hoʻokele hōʻailona wale nō i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana pale cell e pale aku i ka ʻino hou aʻe. Hōʻike nā hōʻike nui he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka oxidative stress a me ka mumū i ka neurodegeneration, e hoʻonoho ana i kēia mau ʻano hana ma ke ʻano he mau pahuhopu koʻikoʻi no ka pale ʻana o ke kelepona. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike ka noiʻi kumu a me ka noiʻi lapaʻau i ka hiki o ka Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi neurodegenerative.
Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i ka Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT)
ʻO ka maʻamau, pili ka HBOT i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaomi i luna o 1 lewa piha (ATA) - ke kaomi ma ka ʻilikai - no ka lōʻihi o 90-120 mau minuke, e koi pinepine ana i nā kau he nui ma muli o ke kūlana kikoʻī e mālama ʻia nei. Hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kaomi ea i ka lawe ʻana o ka oxygen i nā cell, kahi e hoʻoulu ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā cell kumu a hoʻonui i nā kaʻina hana ho'ōla i hoʻopili ʻia e kekahi mau mea ulu.
I kinohi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o HBOT ma ke kānāwai Boyle-Marriott, kahi e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā pehu kinoea e pili ana i ke kaomi, me nā pono o nā pae oxygen kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā ʻiʻo. Aia kekahi mau ʻano pathologies i ʻike ʻia e pōmaikaʻi mai ke kūlana hyperoxic i hana ʻia e HBOT, me nā ʻiʻo necrotic, nā ʻeha radiation, trauma, burns, compartment syndrome, a me ke kinoea gangrene, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i helu ʻia e ka Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society. ʻIke ʻia, ua hōʻike pū ʻo HBOT i ka pono ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau adjunct i nā ʻano maʻi inflammatory a i ʻole infectious, e like me colitis a me sepsis. Hāʻawi ʻia i kāna mau hana anti-inflammatory a me oxidative, hāʻawi ʻo HBOT i ka hiki ke lilo i ala therapeutic no nā maʻi neurodegenerative.
Nā Haʻawina Preclinical o ka Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy i nā maʻi Neurodegenerative: Nā ʻike mai ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻiole 3 × Tg
ʻO kekahi o nā haʻawina i ʻike nui ʻiai kālele ʻia ma ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻiole 3×Tg o ka maʻi Alzheimer (AD), kahi i hōʻike i ka hiki ke hoʻōla o HBOT i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hemahema cognitive. Ua pili ka noiʻi i nā ʻiole kāne 3×Tg he 17 mahina i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻiole kāne C57BL/6 he 14 mahina e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mau kaohi. Ua hōʻike ka haʻawina ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi wale ka HBOT i ka hana cognitive akā ua hōʻemi nui hoʻi i ka mumū, ka ukana plaque, a me ka Tau phosphorylation—kahi hana koʻikoʻi e pili ana me ka pathology AD.
Ua pili nā hopena palekana o HBOT i ka emi ʻana o ka neuroinflammation. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia e ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka microglial, astrogliosis, a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā cytokines pro-inflammatory. Hoʻomaopopo kēia mau ʻike i ke kuleana pālua o HBOT i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana cognitive ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i nā kaʻina hana neuroinflammatory e pili ana me ka maʻi Alzheimer.
Ua hoʻohana kekahi kumu hoʻohālike preclinical i nā ʻiole 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) e loiloi i nā ʻano pale o HBOT ma ka hana neuronal a me nā hiki ke neʻe. Ua hōʻike nā hopena ua kōkua ʻo HBOT i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana neʻe a me ka ikaika paʻa i loko o kēia mau ʻiole, e pili ana me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻailona biogenesis mitochondrial, ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o SIRT-1, PGC-1α, a me TFAM. Hōʻike kēia i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o ka hana mitochondrial i nā hopena neuroprotective o HBOT.
Nā ʻAno Hana o HBOT i nā Maʻi Neurodegenerative
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka HBOT no nā NDD e pili ana i ka pilina ma waena o ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o ka lako oxygen a me ka hiki ke loaʻa i nā loli neurodegenerative. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) ma ke ʻano he transcription factor e hiki ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kelepona i ka haʻahaʻa oxygen haʻahaʻa a ua pili ʻia i nā NDD like ʻole e like me AD, PD, Huntington's Disease, a me ALS, e hōʻailona ana iā ia he pahuhopu lāʻau koʻikoʻi.
Ma muli o ka makahiki he kumu nui ia no nā maʻi neurodegenerative he nui, he mea nui ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hopena o HBOT i ka neurobiology ʻelemakule. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hiki i ka HBOT ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hemahema cognitive pili i ka makahiki i nā poʻe ʻelemakule olakino.Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nā poʻe maʻi ʻelemakule me nā hemahema hoʻomanaʻo koʻikoʻi i nā hoʻomaikaʻi cognitive a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana iā HBOT.
1. Ka hopena o HBOT ma ka mumū a me ke kaumaha Oxidative
Ua hōʻike ʻo HBOT i ka hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu i ka neuroinflammation i nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana ʻino o ka lolo. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā cytokines pro-inflammatory (e like me IL-1β, IL-12, TNFα, a me IFNγ) me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā cytokines anti-inflammatory (e like me IL-10). Manaʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi e hoʻopili nā ʻano oxygen reactive (ROS) i hana ʻia e HBOT i kekahi mau hopena maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila, ma waho aʻe o kāna hana hoʻemi pehu e pili ana i ke kaomi a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka saturation oxygen kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻiʻo, ʻo nā hopena maikaʻi e pili ana iā HBOT e hilinaʻi hapa ʻia i nā kuleana physiological o ka ROS i hana ʻia.
2. Nā hopena o HBOT ma ka Apoptosis a me ka Neuroprotection
Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi hiki i ka HBOT ke hōʻemi i ka phosphorylation hippocampal o ka p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a laila hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pōʻino hippocampal. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka HBOT kū hoʻokahi a me ka hui pū ʻana me ka Ginkgo biloba extract e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hōʻike ʻana o Bax a me ka hana o caspase-9/3, e hopena ana i ka emi ʻana o nā helu apoptosis i nā hiʻohiʻona rodent i hoʻokumu ʻia e aβ25-35. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike kekahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe ua hoʻoulu ka HBOT preconditioning i ka hoʻomanawanui e kūʻē i ka ischemia cerebral, me nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hōʻike SIRT1, me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā pae B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka caspase-3 hana, e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai neuroprotective a me anti-apoptotic o HBOT.
3. Ka Mana o HBOT ma ke Kaʻapuni a meNeurogenesis
Ua pili ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kumuhana i ka HBOT me nā hopena he nui ma ka ʻōnaehana vascular cranial, me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka permeability pale koko-lolo, ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka angiogenesis, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka edema. Ma waho aʻe o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lako oxygen i hoʻonui ʻia i nā ʻiʻo, ʻo HBOThoʻoulu i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā vascularma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea hoʻololi e like me ka vascular endothelial growth factor a ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā pūnaewele kumu neural.
4. Nā hopena Epigenetic o HBOT
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā cell endothelial microvascular kanaka (HMEC-1) i ka oxygen hyperbaric e hoʻoponopono nui i nā genes 8,101, me nā hōʻike i hoʻonui ʻia a me nā hōʻike i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka gene e pili ana me nā ala pane antioxidant.
Hopena
Ua holomua nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o HBOT i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e hōʻoia ana i kona loaʻa ʻana, ka hilinaʻi, a me ka palekana i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻOiai ua ʻimi ʻia ʻo HBOT ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau off-label no nā NDD a ua hana ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi, aia nō ka pono nui no nā haʻawina koʻikoʻi e hoʻohālikelike i nā hana HBOT i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau kūlana. He mea nui ka noiʻi hou aku e hoʻoholo i nā alapine lapaʻau kūpono a loiloi i ka nui o nā hopena maikaʻi no nā maʻi.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo ka hui ʻana o ka oxygen hyperbaric a me nā maʻi neurodegenerative e hōʻike ana i kahi palena hoʻohiki i nā hiki ke hoʻōla, e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻimi a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā hoʻonohonoho lapaʻau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-16-2025